Update 228

On January 28, 2006, Edwin Pope will give the sermon, continuing on
the subject of the Church. The sermon is titled, “Why the Church?–Part
2.”

The services can be heard at www.cognetservices.org at 12:30pm Pacific Time (which is 2:30pm Central Time). Just click on Connect to Live Stream.

There are many decisions with accompanying entanglements that await
us. It would be admirable if we knew the safer, smoother path in order
that we might negotiate life’s obstacles. Sad to say, but this normally
only comes with the experience that tests and trials bring. Yet there
is a way to short circuit the learning curve.

This is by
obtaining sage advice (Proverbs 1:5) and not from just one person, but
from many. If we seek out several wise people and listen, then our best
laid plans will be better (Proverbs 15:22), and we will be less likely
to encounter the myriad of pitfalls that lie before us (Proverbs 11:14;
24:6). Many before us have had to make the same or similar decisions
that we are making or will have to make. Why not glean from their
mistakes and make them our successes?

One of the hardest things
to do is learn from the experience of others and to truly internalize
their observations. It seems so simple and straightforward when we tell
a child not to touch the hot stove. In light of this, we often will not
take similar cautionary conversations to heart. But if we can, and if
we choose to heed the words of the Bible, the bad judgments of others
can become our good decisions and then perhaps, we can take the road
less traveled by.

Palestinians’ Parliamentary Election

As The Associated Press reported on January 25, 2006, “Hamas made a stronger-than-expected showing in the Palestinians’ first parliamentary election in a decade Wednesday… The impressive results for Hamas, competing in its first election ever, reflected popular discontent with Fatah, the secular party that has led the Palestinian Authority since its creation 12 years ago and has been accused of widespread corruption and mismanagement.

“The election was the Palestinians’ first truly competitive vote, and officials hoped it would help cement democracy in the post-Yasser Arafat era. But it also gave unprecedented clout to Hamas, which calls for Israel’s destruction and is listed as a terror group by the United States and European Union [as well as Israel]… President Bush told The Wall Street Journal in an interview Wednesday that the United States will not deal with Hamas until it renounces its position calling for the destruction of Israel.”

On January 26, it became obvious that Hamas’ victory was much greater than first anticipated. Reuters reported:

“The Islamic militant Hamas group swept to victory over the long-dominant Fatah party on Thursday in Palestinian parliamentary polls, a political earthquake that could bury any hope for reviving peace talks with Israel soon.The shock outcome, acknowledged by Fatah ahead of official results, does not automatically unseat President Mahmoud Abbas, a moderate elected last year after Yasser Arafat’s death. But he has said he might resign if unable to pursue a peace policy.”

In a related article, Reuters stated on January 26: “On the streets of the Jewish state, there was grave concern at the victory of the Hamas movement that carried out nearly 60 suicide bombings during a Palestinian uprising and is formally dedicated to destroying Israel.”

The Associated Press added on January 26: “Hamas supporters raised their flag over the Palestinian parliament and rushed into the building amid clashes with Fatah loyalists a day after winning parliamentary elections. The two camps threw stones at each other, breaking windows in the building, as Fatah supporters briefly tried to lower the green Hamas banners. The crowd of about 3,000 Hamas backers cheered and whistled as activists on the roof of the parliament raised the Hamas banner again… Acknowledging the Hamas victory, Palestinian Prime Minister Ahmed Qureia and his Cabinet ministers resigned hours before official results were released… Italian Premier Silvio Berlusconi, according to news reports, called the outcome a ‘very, very, very bad result.'”

France Willing to Use Nukes?

Der Spiegel Online reported on January 20:

“Chirac has never been a politician afraid to make his opinion felt… In a speech given at a nuclear submarine base in Brittany, Chirac said France would be willing to use nuclear weapons against any state which launched a terrorist attack against it… Chirac’s words certainly drew the world’s eyes to France — hardly an unwelcome result for the attention-loving president — and in Germany, a country where a lot of people are uncomfortable with nuclear power, not to mention nuclear weapons, commentators are hotly debating whether Chirac is showing mettle or hubris.”

The EUOberserver added: “Analysts point out that it is the first time the French leader has linked the possibility of the country’s nuclear response to a terrorist attack, arguing that it means a policy change. France and Britain are the only two EU countries holding an independent nuclear deterrent, while Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, Italy and Turkey, which is on the waiting list to join the bloc, are hosting US nuclear weapons on their territory.”

Der Stern reported on January 23 that German Chancellor Angela Merkel agreed with Chirac, and that she saw no reason to criticize him for his comments. Merkel met with Chirac in Versailles. She stated that it was a good place and that they had a good meeting.

Bin Laden Is Back

Der Spiegel Online reported on January 20:

“Like a B-horror movie comedy corpse that just won’t stay under the coffin lid, Osama Bin Laden popped up again on Thursday. After a 13 month silence, a taped video message was broadcast on the Qatari TV channel Al Jazeera. In the message bin Laden makes an appeal to the US public to push for a withdrawal of American troops from Iraq and offers a ceasefire to Bush’s administration. The reply from the US government was a flat ‘no.’ We don’t negotiate with terrorists, it said. But if nothing else, this does prove that the al-Qaida leader is still alive, despite the fact that intelligence officials were assuming (or rather hoping) he was already dead. Assumed to be hiding in the mountainous area along the border between Afghanistan and Pakistan, the video certainly begs the question of how is it possible the most powerful country in the world is UNABLE TO TRACK DOWN ONE MAN.”

Google Fights Bush

As it was reported on January 21 by Google News, “Google is resisting Bush Administration attempts to force it to hand over records about the behaviour of millions of people who use its search engine. The Justice Department wants data about every internet search during a one-week period. It claims the information is vital to restore online child protection laws the US Supreme Court struck down. But Google said the White House demands were too broad. It said to comply would give the impression it was willing to disclose personal information about those who use its services, ‘not a perception that Google can accept’. Civil liberties groups said the request highlighted the potential for governments to seize online databases and use them to spy on people… The Administration has issued similar subpoenas to other companies–Yahoo, Microsoft and AOL. Yahoo and AOL said they complied but no personal information was shared. Microsoft refused to say whether it received a subpoena.”

The article continued, highlighting the privacy issues, as well as the lack thereof, and the governmental surveillance involved in this case, which are somewhat reminiscent of George Orwell’s Big Brother-scenario, as vividly described in his novel, “1984”:

“Some experts said although the request was only for details of searches, not the people making them, it still raised serious privacy concerns. Google says it intends to ‘resist the Government’s efforts vigorously’. The case highlights how much information internet companies have on users. Internet service providers keep a record of every website a customer visits, and the destination, date and time of emails. Under a controversial directive passed before Christmas and designed to help police investigate terrorism, service providers will have to keep information for two years. Yaman Akdeniz, the director of the British organisation Cyber-Rights and Cyber-Liberties, described the move as ‘disturbing’. ‘It is worrying to hear that Google are keeping that much data, when their users are not aware of this,’ Mr Akdeniz, a law lecturer at Leeds University, said. ‘The US Government appears to be on a fishing expedition. What people look for on a search engine is private. If you type in neo-Nazi or child porn, it doesn’t mean that you are committing a crime.'”

Bolivia’s First Indian President

CNN reported on January 20:

“In the ancient temple of a lost civilization far from the Government Palace, a barefoot Evo Morales will ask Andean gods for help and guidance Saturday on the eve of his inauguration as Bolivia’s first Indian president… There, Morales, a U.S. critic who won by a landslide on a leftist platform, will be blessed by Indian priests who consider themselves inheritors of this pre-Incan culture, which had no written language and disappeared mysteriously.”

Australia Soon Without a King?

The Associated Press reported on January 20, that “Most Australians believe their country should sever its constitutional ties with Britain if Prince Charles becomes king, according to a poll published Saturday. The poll published in The Weekend Australian found 46 percent of Australians believed Australia should become a republic, while 34 percent wanted the British monarch to remain Australia’s head of state. But if Charles, the first in line for the throne, replaced his mother Queen Elizabeth II, who turns 80 in April, support for a republic would rise to 52 percent and opposition would slide to 29 percent, the poll said… Australia is a former British colony, which was granted independence in 1901 but retained the British monarch as head of state as have other former colonies.”

47 Million Legal Abortions in the US Since 1973

A newsletter of the Baptist Press, published on bpnews.net, reported on January 24:

“In what can only be described as tragic, the United States likely experienced its 47 millionth legal abortion at some point in 2005, more than three decades after the Supreme Court issued its infamous 1973 Roe. v. Wade decision legalizing the killing of the unborn… Since 1975, the United States has witnessed more than 1 million abortions each year. Unless the nation’s laws are changed, the number of abortions post-Roe will pass 50 million in 2008.”

Iraq–A Thorn in the Flesh!

The Associated Press reported on January 24, 2006, about the turmoil and disarray at the Saddam Hussein trial. After the Presiding Judge resigned, “Judges in the trial of Saddam Hussein tried to remove a newly appointed chief judge Tuesday, a dispute that forced an abrupt postponement of the proceedings and deepened the turmoil in what was supposed to be a landmark in Iraq’s political progress.”

The article pointed out the difficulties in bringing peace to Iraq, even when involving a situation which was originally viewed to be an “open-and-shut case scenario”:

“U.S. and Iraqi officials had hoped the trial would mark a political turning point for the violence-torn country, helping it deal with its past and look forward to a new political system. Instead, it has heightened divisions. Sunni Arabs sympathetic to the former leader, their patron, were heartened by Saddam’s outbursts during the hearings, which are televised nationwide. But Shiites and Kurds, who make up about 80 percent of Iraq’s estimated 27 million people and bore the brunt of Saddam’s oppression, found the relative freedom he has had in the courtroom an affront.”

US and European Human Rights Violations?

On January 24, AFP reported: “The US government rejected a Council of Europe report which said the United States had put more than 100 terror suspects through its secret ‘rendition’ program in Europe…On Tuesday the Marty-led probe for the Council of Europe issued an interim report which said European governments must have been aware that the United States was using their territory to transport or detain more than 100 terrorist suspects as part of its rendition policy.”

Der Spiegel Online added the following on January 25:

“A special investigator’s preliminary report to a European human rights watchdog on alleged CIA prisons and flights for terror suspects in Europe has produced no concrete evidence. And without greater cooperation from European governments there never will be… Speaking to the Council of Europe in Strasbourg, France, Marty said it was likely… that European governments probably knew what was going on… For a high-level interim report, the sourcing was thin, too. For example, the charge that 100 people had been abducted was based on a quote from an interview with a single former CIA agent. That, however, could have more to do with the lack of cooperation the Swiss investigator has received from Washington and European governments. That lack of cooperation is the focus of several editorials in German papers on Wednesday.”

The magazine continued to point out:

“The center-left Süddeutsche Zeitung says Marty ultimately has a thankless job. He is effectively an investigator without a mandate. The human rights watchdog the Council of Europe cannot set up an official inquiry and it cannot call witnesses or demand evidence from the governments of its 46-member countries, explains the paper. ‘Since the US government isn’t prepared to offer up information, official parliamentary inquiries by European states are the best way to uncover what happened,’ it comments…

“The conservative daily Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung also admits Marty had his hands tied from the start. The paper even brings into question his role by placing his title of ‘investigator’ in quotation marks. Strasbourg is not the place to bring to light the activities of intelligence agencies…

“The left-wing Berliner Zeitung says the Marty report has ‘little weight’ and ‘at best shows that the investigation … is only at the beginning.’ The paper believes the report comes just at the right time for Germany, which is also caught up in an unrelated investigation into the activities of German intelligence agents in Iraq at the beginning of the war. The daily comments that Berlin might be more worried about the cooperation of Germany’s BND intelligence agency with the CIA in Europe than what happened in Baghdad a few years ago.”

Terrible US Environmental Standards

Der Spiegel Online reported on January 24:

“A nation-by-nation study of environmental standards [2006 Environmental Performance Index or EPI] puts the United States, the world’s biggest polluter in 28th place, behind most of Western Europe. The authors of the study by two US universities [Yale and Columbia] say they hope the American public and government will take note of their findings… “The lagging performance of the United States on environmental issues — particularly on energy and climate change — signals trouble not only for the American people, but for the whole world,’ said Gus Speth, Dean of the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies.”

Attacks on French Muslims and Jews Through Pig Soup

Der Spiegel Online reported on January 25 about a macabre and perhaps intentional attack by French right-wing groups on Muslims and Jews–by providing free pig soup to homeless people. It is also interesting that these “charitable” right-winged groups declare that the consumption of the pig–as the “food of the French ancestors”–preserves the “European identity”! The article explained:

“Soup doesn’t usually figure to be terribly high on the police list of peace-disturbing priorities. And one might think that charitable groups handing out hot soup to homeless people on a frigid winter’s day in Paris would engender a pat on the back rather than opprobrium. But the soup in question is made of pig parts, and Paris police don’t approve.

“For weeks now, groups associated with the far-right organization Bloc Identitaire have been handing out soup — which they are calling ‘identity soup’ — to the homeless across the country and in neighboring Belgium. But rather than altruistic charity, critics see blatant racism. Muslims and Jews are forbidden by their religions [both the Bible and the Koran] from eating pork — and excluding these groups, say many, is exactly the point of the handouts… ‘With pork in the soup, we return to our origins, our identity,’ Roger Bonnivard, head of homeless-support group Solidarity of the French and pork soup chef, told the Associated Press. ‘On every farm, you kill a pig and make a soup…. The pig is the food of our ancestors.’… ‘Identity soup’ is on its third winter in Paris, though this is the first year it has spread elsewhere. A number of local groups behind the liquid largesse are planning a so-called ‘great festive meal of European solidarity’ in Paris in February. The goal is to defend the European identity.”

No Holocaust?

As Der Spiegel Online reported on January 24, “Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad has followed up his calls for the destruction of Israel with plans to host a conference questioning the validity of the Holocaust. SPIEGEL ONLINE interviewed [highly competent and internationally recognized] German Holocaust historian Götz Aly.”

Aly explained in the magazine:

“Academics from all over the world have researched the Holocaust extremely thoroughly. The murder of the European Jews during the Second World War has been looked into more closely than any other aspect of the 20th century.”

Aly was asked about the actual numbers of those murdered by Germans at Auschwitz and other places, as well as the numbers of Germans killed during the British bombing of Dresden, and of those Sudeten Germans who died during their expulsion from Bohemia and Moravia. In response, Aly pointed out:

“Until 1989 there was an official sign in the former camp stating that four million people were killed in Auschwitz alone. Shortly after the fall of the Berlin Wall, as a result of work which I, and others, carried out, this figure was amended. Approximately a million people were murdered in Auschwitz. It was important to make this correction, but it doesn’t change anything about the nature of the death camps… The murder of the Sinti and Roma comes to mind. It has got to the point where even the German Resistance Memorial Center, under the academic auspices of Peter Steinbach, claims that 500,000 people from these groups were killed by the Nazis. That is a massive exaggeration. Another example is that it took almost 50 years in Germany, for it to be generally accepted that the German army committed terrible crimes during the war in eastern and southern Europe. It took decades for West and East Germany to reduce the number of people killed during the British bombing of Dresden from over 300,000 to a more realistic 30,000 to 40,000. And still, up until 10 years ago, the Sudeten German Association claimed that more than 400,000 Germans were killed when the Sudeten Germans were expelled from Bohemia and Moravia. On the Czech side, officials twisted the facts just as much, by speaking of a few thousand suicides. In the meantime the German-Czech Historians Commission has determined that between 15,000 and 40,000 people died during these expulsions.”

When asked whether it is meaningful to have laws making it a crime to deny the Holocaust (as is the case, for instance, in Germany), Aly replied:

“As an historian I regard laws which forbid someone from denying anything as complete nonsense. In the same way that I believe that the law in Turkey which says the Armenian genocide never happened, is absurd. Laws against denying the Holocaust don’t do anything anyway. You are always going to have a few crazy people who ignore the facts.”

Aly also commented on the real danger of the proposed Iranian conference:

“The danger of the Iranian conference is that it gives a few lunatics the opportunity to  come into contact with a state which has a great deal of power to act on its ideological, and here in particular its anti-Semitic, obsessions. To this extent, we are talking about a completely different level, compared to when some crazed guy from the German nationalist NPD party claims that the Holocaust is a myth.”

Eight Myths of Smoking

Der Stern Online published an article on January 23, debunking eight myths of smoking, which have been advanced and propagated by certain elements of the world-wide tobacco industry, and by smokers who don’t want to quit. We summarize the findings of the article, as follows:

Myth #1: Smoking is not harmful if it is only done occasionally.Truth: Every cigarette is harmful and shortens our life expectancy.

Myth #2: It is easier to quit smoking slowly and in stages, by reducing cigarette consumption gradually, than by quitting immediately and abruptly. Truth: To gradually reduce cigarette consumption does not work, as the smoker becomes even more addicted to the “few” cigarettes that are “permitted” to be smoked each day.

Myth #3: Light cigarettes are less harmful than other cigarettes. Truth: False. Light cigarettes are as harmful as other cigarettes.

Myth #4: When one has begun smoking, it is unnecessary to quit, as our health has already been affected. Truth: It is always important to quit. A few hours after quitting, the body receives more oxygen; after two to three days, one can smell and taste better; and after a few years, risks of cancer and heart attacks diminish.

Myth #5: If I do not inhale, I cannot get lung cancer. Truth: False. Even passive smoking can lead to lung cancer.

Myth #6: Smoking poses no problem with the modern anti-baby-pills. Truth: False. The risks remain.

Myth #7: Smoking makes one only psychically addictive. Truth: Nicotine is a drug which causes psychical and psychological addiction.

Myth #8: When I quit smoking, I will gain weight. Truth: On an average, a person who quits smoking gains two to four kilograms during the first several weeks after quitting. However, the weight increase is not an automatic consequence, but it is explained by the fact that the person begins to eat too much, and the wrong things. Most of the time, the person eats chocolate to replace the cigarettes.

Proverbs 22:6 has caused many righteous parents, over the years, to
question their righteousness, or even their conversion, when their
children who had been trained in the way of righteousness and truth
later departed from it. They concluded that it must have been their
fault that their children did not stay loyal to God.

However, a
close look at Proverbs 22:6 might reveal that the righteous parents
caused unnecessary grief for themselves in this matter (Of course, we
must also realize that many parents who thought that they were
converted Christians might not have been converted at all, which might
be evidenced by the fact that they later left the Way of Truth, compare
1 John 2:19).

First of all, let us briefly rehearse a few
examples from the Biblical record of righteous parents and
less-than-righteous children. For instance, we know that David was a
righteous man who will be in the kingdom of God. But his son Absalom
rebelled against his father and God. David’s son Amnon violated his own
sister. And even David’s son Solomon departed from God’s way of
life–at least temporarily.

Samuel was a righteous prophet of God. But his sons did not walk in God’s ways (1 Samuel 8:3).

Abraham
was God’s friend. God said of him that He knew that his descendants
would walk in the way of truth (Genesis 18:19). But in the case of
Jacob, Abraham’s grandson, his conversion came rather late in his
life–apparently when he wrestled with God (Genesis 32:22-32).

Noah
was a righteous man, but the Bible does not say that his sons were
righteous. In fact, we read that his grandson Canaan, the son of Ham,
violated and sexually abused his own grandfather.

Lot was a righteous man, but this cannot be said about his two daughters (Genesis 19:30-38).

There
is even strong evidence to conclude that Moses’ grandson, Jonathan, was
deeply involved in idolatry (compare Q&A, “Moses’ Cushite Wife,” in
Update #136).

This is not to imply that those parents (or
grandparents) did everything right in their childrearing duties. They
certainly made mistakes, to be sure. But it cannot be assumed that they
did not at all train up their children in the path of righteousness.
Still, their children did not uphold that way in their later lives. Why?

We
read in 1 Corinthians 7:14 that the children of a married couple are
“holy,” as long as at least one parent is a true Christian. This means
that they have been set aside for a holy purpose–that is, they CAN
come to and develop a relationship with God, if they want to. They are
not cut off from God, as the rest of the world is. But it is still
their responsibility to take hold of this opportunity (compare Q&A,
“1 Corinthians 7:14,” in Update #61).

The Bible makes it very
clear that in the end, every person is individually responsible for
what he or she is doing. To blame shortcomings on others is not going
to impress God in the slightest. In Ezekiel 18:4, God explains that the
soul which sins will die. He then describes a righteous father who
begets an unrighteous son, and explains that the unrighteous son will
die because of his unrighteousness, while the father will live because
of his righteousness (Ezekiel 18:5-13). Please note that even though
the father was righteous, his son turned out to be unrighteous. We also
read in Ezekiel 14:20:

“‘… even though Noah, Daniel, and Job
were in it, as I live,’ says the LORD God, ‘they would deliver neither
son nor daughter; they would deliver only themselves by their
righteousness.”‘

How, then, are we to understand Proverbs 22:6?
It reads: “Train up a child in the way he should go, And when he is old
he will not depart from it.”

Some claim, this passage implies
that the child might depart for a while from God’s Way of Life, but
later return to what he has been trained in. Some go a step further and
claim that the correct rendering should be, “Train up a child in the
way he should go, EVEN when he is old he will not depart from it.” They
teach that this passage conveys the thought that the child will never
depart from his way, throughout his life, including or even when he is
old. Most, though, reject this rendering and interpretation.

Some
commentaries feel, however, that this passage does not address the
concept of training a child in the way of God’s righteousness.

The
Soncino Commentary writes: “The intention is not ‘the way of
uprightness and good living,’ but ‘for the way in which he is to spend
his life.’ Whatever occupation he is later to follow, it is necessary
to prepare him for it in his early years, because then are habits
formed which influence his conduct in manhood.”‘

The Broadman
Bible Commentary disagrees slightly, pointing out: “The ‘way he should
go’ of v. 6 is not defined specifically, but in the context there can
be little doubt that it includes the way reflected in the positive
elements of vv. 1, 3, 4, 5, i.e., pious and properly prepared for life.
However, this may well include vocational training as well. The
training needed for life should be given in the early years, when
habits and patterns of behavior and work are set.”

In light of
the fact that the Bible emphasizes individual responsibility, it must
be concluded that Proverbs 22:6 does not intend to impress the idea
that the righteous teaching of parents will automatically lead to the
conversion of a child. It is true, of course, that parents are to teach
their children about God and His Way of Life (Deuteronomy 11:18-19).
But this does not mean that converted parents can bring about the
conversion of their children. God must do the calling and lead one to
conversion, and He calls whom HE chooses. He called Jacob and refused
to call Esau before they were born (Romans 9:9-13)–regardless of how
Isaac and Rebecca would raise them. In addition, the children
themselves have their own responsibility in the matter. We read that
King Josiah was about 16 years old when he “began to seek the God of
his father David…” (2 Chronicles 34:3).

In conclusion, Proverbs
22:6 does not contain an unconditional promise that the training of a
righteous parent will bring about the conversion of his or her
children. The chances may be greatly increased, but the actual calling
to conversion and salvation is still subject to God’s Will and the
child’s reaction in the matter. But what an unspeakable joy and
blessing it is when righteous parents see their children follow them in
their paths of righteousness.

For more information on proper
child-rearing and the mystery of God’s Calling in this day and age,
please read our free booklets, “The Keys to Happy Marriages and
Families,” and “Are You Predestined to be Saved?”

Lead Writer: Norbert Link

Our new booklet on the Mysteries of the Bible has entered the first
review cycle. It is planned to use this (shorter) booklet as an
introductory piece of literature for new(er) people.

The UK have
been running a renewal program in January for those receiving Updates,
member letters and audio sermon tapes. One letter received stated the
following:

“Dear Friends, in returning the renewal form, I
thought I would tell you with what enthusiasm they are received (the
Updates). First they are read by me–every word–with avidity. I
recognise that the news reported upon is meaningful news–news which
pertains, in my view, to the end-time. I do not take a daily newspaper
because just looking after myself seems to be all that I have time for,
being now 80. One slows down! After I am done with the Update, I pass
it on to a lady who has a special interest in Israel, but who, since
getting the bulletins, seems to have become interested in European
developments, too. She, in turn, is in touch with a group which I
believe meets together to study matters concerning Israel. Armed with
this information in the Updates, I am sure her contribution to the
meetings is significant. Do the ripples stop there? Who knows? I can
only tell you what I know. May God’s Will be done, and may the Lord
Jesus Christ return soon. Yours with much appreciation and thanks.”

We received this memo from The Philippines:

“We [received] the booklets and thank you. Thank you also for updating
us weekly. I am using these updates every Sabbath every time we gather
together after breakfast and discuss whatever I’ve read in your column
during our bible study with my family and friend. Also we appreciate
the tapes you sent us. [Name] also wanted to duplicate some of them for
distribution to some scattered members. You know there are some
families and individual members still keeping the commandments and
feast days of God here in the Philippines who don’t want to join with
any affiliated church group. Again thank you very much!”